assimp/code/AssetLib/Blender/BlenderDNA.h

/*
Open Asset Import Library (assimp)
----------------------------------------------------------------------

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All rights reserved.

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  copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
  following disclaimer.

* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
  following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
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  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
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*/

/** @file  BlenderDNA.h
 *  @brief Blender `DNA` (file format specification embedded in
 *    blend file itself) loader.
 */
#ifndef INCLUDED_AI_BLEND_DNA_H
#define INCLUDED_AI_BLEND_DNA_H

#include <assimp/BaseImporter.h>
#include <assimp/StreamReader.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <assimp/DefaultLogger.hpp>
#include <map>
#include <memory>

// enable verbose log output. really verbose, so be careful.
#ifdef ASSIMP_BUILD_DEBUG
#define ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_DEBUG
#endif

// #define ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_NO_STATS

namespace Assimp {

template <bool, bool>
class StreamReader;
typedef StreamReader<true, true> StreamReaderAny;

namespace Blender {

class FileDatabase;
struct FileBlockHead;

template <template <typename> class TOUT>
class ObjectCache;

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Exception class used by the blender loader to selectively catch exceptions
 *  thrown in its own code (DeadlyImportErrors thrown in general utility
 *  functions are untouched then). If such an exception is not caught by
 *  the loader itself, it will still be caught by Assimp due to its
 *  ancestry. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Error : DeadlyImportError {
    Error(const std::string &s) :
            DeadlyImportError(s) {
        // empty
    }
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** The only purpose of this structure is to feed a virtual dtor into its
 *  descendents. It serves as base class for all data structure fields. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct ElemBase {
    ElemBase() :
            dna_type(nullptr) {
        // empty
    }

    virtual ~ElemBase() {
        // empty
    }

    /** Type name of the element. The type
     * string points is the `c_str` of the `name` attribute of the
     * corresponding `Structure`, that is, it is only valid as long
     * as the DNA is not modified. The dna_type is only set if the
     * data type is not static, i.e. a std::shared_ptr<ElemBase>
     * in the scene description would have its type resolved
     * at runtime, so this member is always set. */
    const char *dna_type;
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Represents a generic pointer to a memory location, which can be either 32
 *  or 64 bits. These pointers are loaded from the BLEND file and finally
 *  fixed to point to the real, converted representation of the objects
 *  they used to point to.*/
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Pointer {
    Pointer() :
            val() {
        // empty
    }
    uint64_t val;
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Represents a generic offset within a BLEND file */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct FileOffset {
    FileOffset() :
            val() {
        // empty
    }
    uint64_t val;
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Dummy derivate of std::vector to be able to use it in templates simultaenously
 *  with std::shared_ptr, which takes only one template argument
 *  while std::vector takes three. Also we need to provide some special member
 *  functions of shared_ptr */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <typename T>
class vector : public std::vector<T> {
public:
    using std::vector<T>::resize;
    using std::vector<T>::empty;

    void reset() {
        resize(0);
    }

    operator bool() const {
        return !empty();
    }
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Mixed flags for use in #Field */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum FieldFlags {
    FieldFlag_Pointer = 0x1,
    FieldFlag_Array = 0x2
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Represents a single member of a data structure in a BLEND file */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct Field {
    std::string name;
    std::string type;

    size_t size;
    size_t offset;

    /** Size of each array dimension. For flat arrays,
     *  the second dimension is set to 1. */
    size_t array_sizes[2];

    /** Any of the #FieldFlags enumerated values */
    unsigned int flags;
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Range of possible behaviours for fields absend in the input file. Some are
 *  mission critical so we need them, while others can silently be default
 *  initialized and no animations are harmed. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum ErrorPolicy {
    /** Substitute default value and ignore */
    ErrorPolicy_Igno,
    /** Substitute default value and write to log */
    ErrorPolicy_Warn,
    /** Substitute a massive error message and crash the whole matrix. Its time for another zion */
    ErrorPolicy_Fail
};

#ifdef ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_DEBUG
#define ErrorPolicy_Igno ErrorPolicy_Warn
#endif

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Represents a data structure in a BLEND file. A Structure defines n fields
 *  and their locations and encodings the input stream. Usually, every
 *  Structure instance pertains to one equally-named data structure in the
 *  BlenderScene.h header. This class defines various utilities to map a
 *  binary `blob` read from the file to such a structure instance with
 *  meaningful contents. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class Structure {
    template <template <typename> class>
    friend class ObjectCache;

public:
    Structure() :
            cache_idx(static_cast<size_t>(-1)) {
        // empty
    }

    // publicly accessible members
    std::string name;
    vector<Field> fields;
    std::map<std::string, size_t> indices;

    size_t size;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Access a field of the structure by its canonical name. The pointer version
     *  returns nullptr on failure while the reference version raises an import error. */
    inline const Field &operator[](const std::string &ss) const;
    inline const Field *Get(const std::string &ss) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Access a field of the structure by its index */
    inline const Field &operator[](const size_t i) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    inline bool operator==(const Structure &other) const {
        return name == other.name; // name is meant to be an unique identifier
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    inline bool operator!=(const Structure &other) const {
        return name != other.name;
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Try to read an instance of the structure from the stream
     *  and attempt to convert to `T`. This is done by
     *  an appropriate specialization. If none is available,
     *  a compiler complain is the result.
     *  @param dest Destination value to be written
     *  @param db File database, including input stream. */
    template <typename T>
    void Convert(T &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // generic converter
    template <typename T>
    void Convert(std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> in, const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // generic allocator
    template <typename T>
    std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> Allocate() const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // field parsing for 1d arrays
    template <int error_policy, typename T, size_t M>
    void ReadFieldArray(T (&out)[M], const char *name,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // field parsing for 2d arrays
    template <int error_policy, typename T, size_t M, size_t N>
    void ReadFieldArray2(T (&out)[M][N], const char *name,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // field parsing for pointer or dynamic array types
    // (std::shared_ptr)
    // The return value indicates whether the data was already cached.
    template <int error_policy, template <typename> class TOUT, typename T>
    bool ReadFieldPtr(TOUT<T> &out, const char *name,
            const FileDatabase &db,
            bool non_recursive = false) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // field parsing for static arrays of pointer or dynamic
    // array types (std::shared_ptr[])
    // The return value indicates whether the data was already cached.
    template <int error_policy, template <typename> class TOUT, typename T, size_t N>
    bool ReadFieldPtr(TOUT<T> (&out)[N], const char *name,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    // field parsing for `normal` values
    // The return value indicates whether the data was already cached.
    template <int error_policy, typename T>
    void ReadField(T &out, const char *name,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /**
    *   @brief  field parsing for dynamic vectors
    *   @param[in]  out vector of struct to be filled
    *   @param[in]  name of field
    *   @param[in]  db to access the file, dna, ...
    *   @return true when read was successful
    */
    template <int error_policy, template <typename> class TOUT, typename T>
    bool ReadFieldPtrVector(vector<TOUT<T>> &out, const char *name, const FileDatabase &db) const;

    /**
    *   @brief  parses raw customdata
    *   @param[in]  out shared_ptr to be filled
    *   @param[in]  cdtype customdata type to read
    *   @param[in]  name of field ptr
    *   @param[in]  db to access the file, dna, ...
    *   @return true when read was successful
    */
    template <int error_policy>
    bool ReadCustomDataPtr(std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> &out, int cdtype, const char *name, const FileDatabase &db) const;

private:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    template <template <typename> class TOUT, typename T>
    bool ResolvePointer(TOUT<T> &out, const Pointer &ptrval,
            const FileDatabase &db, const Field &f,
            bool non_recursive = false) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    template <template <typename> class TOUT, typename T>
    bool ResolvePointer(vector<TOUT<T>> &out, const Pointer &ptrval,
            const FileDatabase &db, const Field &f, bool) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    bool ResolvePointer(std::shared_ptr<FileOffset> &out, const Pointer &ptrval,
            const FileDatabase &db, const Field &f, bool) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    inline const FileBlockHead *LocateFileBlockForAddress(
            const Pointer &ptrval,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

private:
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    template <typename T>
    T *_allocate(std::shared_ptr<T> &out, size_t &s) const {
        out = std::shared_ptr<T>(new T());
        s = 1;
        return out.get();
    }

    template <typename T>
    T *_allocate(vector<T> &out, size_t &s) const {
        out.resize(s);
        return s ? &out.front() : nullptr;
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    template <int error_policy>
    struct _defaultInitializer {

        template <typename T, unsigned int N>
        void operator()(T (&out)[N], const char * = nullptr) {
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
                out[i] = T();
            }
        }

        template <typename T, unsigned int N, unsigned int M>
        void operator()(T (&out)[N][M], const char * = nullptr) {
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
                for (unsigned int j = 0; j < M; ++j) {
                    out[i][j] = T();
                }
            }
        }

        template <typename T>
        void operator()(T &out, const char * = nullptr) {
            out = T();
        }
    };

private:
    mutable size_t cache_idx;
};

// --------------------------------------------------------
template <>
struct Structure ::_defaultInitializer<ErrorPolicy_Warn> {

    template <typename T>
    void operator()(T &out, const char *reason = "<add reason>") {
        ASSIMP_LOG_WARN(reason);

        // ... and let the show go on
        _defaultInitializer<0 /*ErrorPolicy_Igno*/>()(out);
    }
};

template <>
struct Structure ::_defaultInitializer<ErrorPolicy_Fail> {

    template <typename T>
    void operator()(T & /*out*/, const char * = "") {
        // obviously, it is crucial that _DefaultInitializer is used
        // only from within a catch clause.
        throw DeadlyImportError("Constructing BlenderDNA Structure encountered an error");
    }
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <>
inline bool Structure ::ResolvePointer<std::shared_ptr, ElemBase>(std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> &out,
        const Pointer &ptrval,
        const FileDatabase &db,
        const Field &f,
        bool) const;

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Represents the full data structure information for a single BLEND file.
 *  This data is extracted from the DNA1 chunk in the file.
 *  #DNAParser does the reading and represents currently the only place where
 *  DNA is altered.*/
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class DNA {
public:
    typedef void (Structure::*ConvertProcPtr)(
            std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> in,
            const FileDatabase &) const;

    typedef std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> (
            Structure::*AllocProcPtr)() const;

    typedef std::pair<AllocProcPtr, ConvertProcPtr> FactoryPair;

public:
    std::map<std::string, FactoryPair> converters;
    vector<Structure> structures;
    std::map<std::string, size_t> indices;

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Access a structure by its canonical name, the pointer version returns nullptr on failure
      * while the reference version raises an error. */
    inline const Structure &operator[](const std::string &ss) const;
    inline const Structure *Get(const std::string &ss) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Access a structure by its index */
    inline const Structure &operator[](const size_t i) const;

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Add structure definitions for all the primitive types,
     *  i.e. integer, short, char, float */
    void AddPrimitiveStructures();

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Fill the @c converters member with converters for all
     *  known data types. The implementation of this method is
     *  in BlenderScene.cpp and is machine-generated.
     *  Converters are used to quickly handle objects whose
     *  exact data type is a runtime-property and not yet
     *  known at compile time (consier Object::data).*/
    void RegisterConverters();

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Take an input blob from the stream, interpret it according to
     *  a its structure name and convert it to the intermediate
     *  representation.
     *  @param structure Destination structure definition
     *  @param db File database.
     *  @return A null pointer if no appropriate converter is available.*/
    std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> ConvertBlobToStructure(
            const Structure &structure,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Find a suitable conversion function for a given Structure.
     *  Such a converter function takes a blob from the input
     *  stream, reads as much as it needs, and builds up a
     *  complete object in intermediate representation.
     *  @param structure Destination structure definition
     *  @param db File database.
     *  @return A null pointer in .first if no appropriate converter is available.*/
    FactoryPair GetBlobToStructureConverter(
            const Structure &structure,
            const FileDatabase &db) const;

#ifdef ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_DEBUG
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Dump the DNA to a text file. This is for debugging purposes.
     *  The output file is `dna.txt` in the current working folder*/
    void DumpToFile();
#endif

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Extract array dimensions from a C array declaration, such
     *  as `...[4][6]`. Returned string would be `...[][]`.
     *  @param out
     *  @param array_sizes Receive maximally two array dimensions,
     *    the second element is set to 1 if the array is flat.
     *    Both are set to 1 if the input is not an array.
     *  @throw DeadlyImportError if more than 2 dimensions are
     *    encountered. */
    static void ExtractArraySize(
            const std::string &out,
            size_t array_sizes[2]);
};

// special converters for primitive types
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<int>(int &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<short>(short &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<char>(char &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<float>(float &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<double>(double &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;
template <>
inline void Structure ::Convert<Pointer>(Pointer &dest, const FileDatabase &db) const;

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Describes a master file block header. Each master file sections holds n
 *  elements of a certain SDNA structure (or otherwise unspecified data). */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct FileBlockHead {
    // points right after the header of the file block
    StreamReaderAny::pos start;

    std::string id;
    size_t size;

    // original memory address of the data
    Pointer address;

    // index into DNA
    unsigned int dna_index;

    // number of structure instances to follow
    size_t num;

    // file blocks are sorted by address to quickly locate specific memory addresses
    bool operator<(const FileBlockHead &o) const {
        return address.val < o.address.val;
    }

    // for std::upper_bound
    operator const Pointer &() const {
        return address;
    }
};

// for std::upper_bound
inline bool operator<(const Pointer &a, const Pointer &b) {
    return a.val < b.val;
}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Utility to read all master file blocks in turn. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class SectionParser {
public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** @param stream Inout stream, must point to the
     *  first section in the file. Call Next() once
     *  to have it read.
     *  @param ptr64 Pointer size in file is 64 bits? */
    SectionParser(StreamReaderAny &stream, bool ptr64) :
            stream(stream), ptr64(ptr64) {
        current.size = current.start = 0;
    }

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    const FileBlockHead &GetCurrent() const {
        return current;
    }

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Advance to the next section.
     *  @throw DeadlyImportError if the last chunk was passed. */
    void Next();

public:
    FileBlockHead current;
    StreamReaderAny &stream;
    bool ptr64;
};

#ifndef ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_NO_STATS
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Import statistics, i.e. number of file blocks read*/
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class Statistics {

public:
    Statistics() :
            fields_read(), pointers_resolved(), cache_hits()
            //      , blocks_read       ()
            ,
            cached_objects() {}

public:
    /** total number of fields we read */
    unsigned int fields_read;

    /** total number of resolved pointers */
    unsigned int pointers_resolved;

    /** number of pointers resolved from the cache */
    unsigned int cache_hits;

    /** number of blocks (from  FileDatabase::entries)
      we did actually read from. */
    // unsigned int blocks_read;

    /** objects in FileData::cache */
    unsigned int cached_objects;
};
#endif

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** The object cache - all objects addressed by pointers are added here. This
 *  avoids circular references and avoids object duplication. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <template <typename> class TOUT>
class ObjectCache {
public:
    typedef std::map<Pointer, TOUT<ElemBase>> StructureCache;

public:
    ObjectCache(const FileDatabase &db) :
            db(db) {
        // currently there are only ~400 structure records per blend file.
        // we read only a small part of them and don't cache objects
        // which we don't need, so this should suffice.
        caches.reserve(64);
    }

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Check whether a specific item is in the cache.
     *  @param s Data type of the item
     *  @param out Output pointer. Unchanged if the
     *   cache doesn't know the item yet.
     *  @param ptr Item address to look for. */
    template <typename T>
    void get(
            const Structure &s,
            TOUT<T> &out,
            const Pointer &ptr) const;

    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Add an item to the cache after the item has
     * been fully read. Do not insert anything that
     * may be faulty or might cause the loading
     * to abort.
     *  @param s Data type of the item
     *  @param out Item to insert into the cache
     *  @param ptr address (cache key) of the item. */
    template <typename T>
    void set(const Structure &s,
            const TOUT<T> &out,
            const Pointer &ptr);

private:
    mutable vector<StructureCache> caches;
    const FileDatabase &db;
};

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <>
class ObjectCache<Blender::vector> {
public:
    ObjectCache(const FileDatabase &) {}

    template <typename T>
    void get(const Structure &, vector<T> &, const Pointer &) {}
    template <typename T>
    void set(const Structure &, const vector<T> &, const Pointer &) {}
};

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable : 4355)
#endif

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Memory representation of a full BLEND file and all its dependencies. The
 *  output aiScene is constructed from an instance of this data structure. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class FileDatabase {
    template <template <typename> class TOUT>
    friend class ObjectCache;

public:
    FileDatabase() :
            _cacheArrays(*this), _cache(*this), next_cache_idx() {}

public:
    // publicly accessible fields
    bool i64bit;
    bool little;

    DNA dna;
    std::shared_ptr<StreamReaderAny> reader;
    vector<FileBlockHead> entries;

public:
    Statistics &stats() const {
        return _stats;
    }

    // For all our templates to work on both shared_ptr's and vector's
    // using the same code, a dummy cache for arrays is provided. Actually,
    // arrays of objects are never cached because we can't easily
    // ensure their proper destruction.
    template <typename T>
    ObjectCache<std::shared_ptr> &cache(std::shared_ptr<T> & /*in*/) const {
        return _cache;
    }

    template <typename T>
    ObjectCache<vector> &cache(vector<T> & /*in*/) const {
        return _cacheArrays;
    }

private:
#ifndef ASSIMP_BUILD_BLENDER_NO_STATS
    mutable Statistics _stats;
#endif

    mutable ObjectCache<vector> _cacheArrays;
    mutable ObjectCache<std::shared_ptr> _cache;

    mutable size_t next_cache_idx;
};

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(default : 4355)
#endif

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/** Factory to extract a #DNA from the DNA1 file block in a BLEND file. */
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class DNAParser {

public:
    /** Bind the parser to a empty DNA and an input stream */
    DNAParser(FileDatabase &db) :
            db(db) {}

public:
    // --------------------------------------------------------
    /** Locate the DNA in the file and parse it. The input
     *  stream is expected to point to the beginning of the DN1
     *  chunk at the time this method is called and is
     *  undefined afterwards.
     *  @throw DeadlyImportError if the DNA cannot be read.
     *  @note The position of the stream pointer is undefined
     *    afterwards.*/
    void Parse();

public:
    /** Obtain a reference to the extracted DNA information */
    const Blender::DNA &GetDNA() const {
        return db.dna;
    }

private:
    FileDatabase &db;
};

/**
*   @brief  read CustomData's data to ptr to mem
*   @param[out] out memory ptr to set
*   @param[in]  cdtype  to read
*   @param[in]  cnt cnt of elements to read
*   @param[in]  db to read elements from
*   @return true when ok
*/
bool readCustomData(std::shared_ptr<ElemBase> &out, int cdtype, size_t cnt, const FileDatabase &db);

} // namespace Blender
} // namespace Assimp

#include "BlenderDNA.inl"

#endif